Identity and locality
Pseudacanthicus spinosus (Castelnau, 1855)
Amazon basin Brazil and Ecuador; exact individual provenance requires verification
Diagnostic evidence and naming
CAS recognizes a formally described P. spinosus; specialist hobby index applies historical L096 and L160 to this species. Do not interpret codes as separate named species.
Breeding and genetics limitations
Large aggressive thorn-armored fishes may need substantial territory; detailed spawning methods require attributed logs.
Original references
Links are research leads; they do not certify every statement. Check original taxonomy and date.
Public Discord research discussion
Follow the original forum topic. It is a discussion record, not independent scientific verification.